The risk prediction value of paraquat poisoning dose, urine protein and myocardial enzymes / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

Objective: To explore the value of paraquat (PQ) intake, urine protein and myocardial enzyme indexes in judging the prognosis of patients with acute PQ poisoning. Methods: From September to December 2021, all 201 patients with acute PQ poisoning admitted to Guangzhou Twelfth People's Hospital from January 2010 to December 2019 were selected as the research objects. Based on follow-up results 60 days after poisoning, the research objects were divided into survival group (n=78) and death group (n=123) . The differences in information about poisoning, treatment plan, PQ intake, urine protein, creatine kinase, creatine kinase isoenzyme, lactate dehydrogenase, and α-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase between the two groups of patients were compared and analyzed. Logistic regression and Cox regression were used to analyze the correlation between poisoning outcome and PQ intake, urine protein and myocardial enzymes. ROC curve and principal component analysis were used to explore high-efficiency indicators for predicting the outcome of acute PQ poisoning. Results: The PQ intake[50 (20, 100) ml], urine protein (total rank 15570.50) , creatine kinase[ (336.36±261.96) U/L], creatine kinase isoenzyme[ (43.91±43.74) U/L], lactate dehydrogenase [ (346.01±196.50) U/L], α-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase content[ (271.23±11.92) U/L] of patients in the death group were all higher than the survival group[15 (10, 20) ml, 4730.50, (187.78±178.06) U/L, (18.88±15.50) U/L, (190.92±60.50) U/L, (152.60±48.34) U/L, respectively] (P<0.05) . The outcome of acute PQ poisoning was positively correlated with PQ intake, urine protein, creatine kinase, creatine kinase isoenzyme, lactate dehydrogenase, and α-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase (P<0.05) . Multivariate logistic regression and multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that creatine kinase, creatine kinase isoenzyme, lactate dehydrogenase and α-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase was positively correlated with the prognosis of patients with acute PQ poisoning (P<0.05) . ROC curve analysis and principal component analysis showed that the combined indexes of PQ intake, urine protein and myocardial enzymes had the highest efficacy and weight in judging the prognosis of patients (AUC=0.91, weight coefficient=0.19, sensitivity=0.76, specificity=0.89) . When the combined score was ≥4, the probability of accurately predicting the death of patients was as high as 91% (positive predictive value=0.91) . Conclusion: PQ intake, urine protein combined with creatine kinase, creatine kinase isoenzyme, lactate dehydrogenase, and α-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase has high value in predicting the prognosis of patients with acute PQ poisoning.

Transoral robotic nasopharyngectomy for local recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma / 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

Objective: To investigate the safety, efficacy, locally control and survival results of transoral Da Vinci robotic surgery for salvage treatment of locally recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Methods: This retrospective study included 33 patients with locally recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma (stage rT1-2, partial rT3) underwent transoral Da Vinci robotic surgery between October 2017 and January 2020. There were 20 males and 11 females, with an average age of (47.9±10.5) years. The lesions were localized in nasopharyngeal cavity in 14 cases, with extending to parapharyngeal space in 6 cases and the floor of sphenoid sinus in 13 cases. Transnasal endoscopy was used to assist surgery if necessary. SPSS 25.0 statistical software was used for statistical analysis. Results: Transoral robotic nasopharyngectomy was successfully performed in all cases without conversion to open surgery, of which 13 cases were combined with transnasal endoscopic surgery. The average operation time was (126.2±30.0) min, ranging from 90 to 180 min. The postoperative pathological margin was R0 (31 cases) and R1 (2 cases), with no tumor residue. Complications of surgery mainly included symptoms of headache, nasal dryness and velopharyngeal insufficiency without nasopharyngeal hemorrhage. Follow-up time was from 3 to 54 months. One case had tumor recurrence 11 months after operation, 1 case had ipsilateral cervical lymph node metastasis 27 months after operation, 2 cases had distant metastasis and 1 case died of nasopharyngeal hemorrhage 3 months after operation. The 1-year, 2-year and 3-year overall survival rates were 97.0%, 96.0% and 92.9%, respectively and the local recurrence free rates were 97.0%, 95.7% and 91.7%, respectively. Conclusion: Transoral robotic nasopharyngectomy is safe and feasible for local recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma in selected patients, with higher local control rate and quality of life.

Analysis of 1 case of convulsion death caused by large dose of diquat poisoning / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

A retrospective analysis of a case of death from sudden convulsions caused by oral high-dose diquat was conducted, and the mechanism and treatment of central damage caused by diquat were investigated to lay the foundation for increasing the success rate of treatment of high-dose diquat poisoning. At the same time, at the same time, our clinical treatment experience has also been accumulated.

Material Basis and Mechanism of Epimedii Folium Against Osteoporosis Based on Spectrum-Effect Relationship and Network Pharmacology / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To study the material basis and potential molecular mechanism of Epimedii Folium against osteoporosis. Method:The chemical components in 14 batches of Epimedii Folium were analyzed by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time of flight-tandem mass spectrometry （UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS）. With the activity of alkaline phosphatase （ALP） as the pharmacodynamic index，the partial least squares regression analysis （PLSR） was conducted to establish a model uncovering the spectrum-effect relationship between UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS spectral peak and ALP activity and screen the active components against osteoporosis. Online databases such as the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform （TCMSP），Comparative Toxicogenomics Database （CTD），Database for Annotation，Visualization，and Integrated Discovery （DAVID） and Cytoscape 3.6.1 were employed to predict the possible mechanism of action of Epimedii Folium against osteoporosis. Result:A total of 61 peaks and 56 compounds were identified by UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS. PLSR showed that icariin，baohuoside Ⅰ，epimedin A，sagittatoside A，and baohuoside Ⅱ might be the active components for Epimedii Folium to inhibit osteoporosis considering their strong correlation with ALP activity. As revealed by the network pharmacological analysis of the five components mentioned above，Epimedii Folium<italic> </italic>mainly regulated seven targets such as tumor necrosis factor （TNF），androgen receptor （AR），and estrogen receptor 1 （ESR1） and eight key pathways like endocrine and other factor-regulated calcium reabsorption，vascular endothelial growth factor （VEGF） signaling pathway，and transient receptor potential （TRP） channels to exert its anti-osteoporosis effect. Conclusion:The exploration of material basis and potential molecular mechanism of Epimedii Folium against osteoporosis based on UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS，spectrum-effect relationship，and network pharmacology has provided an experimental basis for the scientific explanation and clinical application of Epimedii Folium in treating osteoporosis.

Quantitative assessment of occupational health risks in workers exposed to low-level dichloromethane / 中国职业医学

OBJECTIVE: To quantitatively evaluate the non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risks of low-level dichloromethane(DCM) exposure. METHODS: A typical sampling method was used to select workers from an engine factory and an automobile parts factory as the research subjects. After hazard identification and hazard characteristic assessment, the occupational health risks of DCM in the workplace were quantitatively assessed by non-carcinogenic risk assessment and carcinogenic risk assessment. RESULTS: The highest exposure concentration of short-term of DCM was 43.6 mg/m~3 in the air of eight DCM job posts in these two enterprises, which was lower than the operational level of 300.0 mg/m~3(half of the occupational exposure limit in China). Under this premise, the non-carcinogenic risk assessment results showed that the non-carcinogenic risk caused by inhalation of DCM was unacceptable in workers of these eight job posts. The results of carcinogenic risk assessment showed that the carcinogenic risk caused by inhalation of DCM was acceptable for all the workers in these eight job posts. CONCLUSION: Low-level DCM exposure can cause unacceptable occupational health risks to workers. Quantitative risk assessment can be applied to assess exposure to low-level chemicals.

Determination of formic acid in urine by automatic headspace-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry / 中国职业医学

OBJECTIVE: To establish a method for the determination of formic acid in urine by automatic headspace-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. METHODS: The urine sample was added with 3 mL 15.00%(V/V) sulfuric acid ethanol and heated in an automatic headspace sampler. The formic acid and ethanol underwent an esterification reaction to produce ethyl formate which was separated by gas chromatographic column and detected by mass spectrometer. The quantification was based on external standard method. RESULTS: The linear range of the method was 2.93-97.60 mg/L, with the regression equation correlation coefficient of 0.999 5. The detection limit was 0.65 mg/L and the minimum quantitative limit was 2.17 mg/L, with the recoveries of 95.61%-106.47%. The within-run relative standard deviation(RSD) ranged from 2.52% to 8.05% and the between-run RSD ranged from 6.58% to 8.42%. CONCLUSION: The method has simple pretreatment, good specificity, high precision and has little interference. It is suitable for large scale rapid determination of formic acid in urine in occupational contact population, patients with acute methanol poisoning and general population.

Analysis on the influencing factors of low back pain in the occupational workers of key industries in China / 中国职业医学

OBJECTIVE: To explore the influencing factors of low back pain and the relationship of the influence of bad working posture, weight load and frequency of load and the dose-response relationship among the occupational workers of key industries in China. METHODS: A total of 57 501 employees from 15 key industries in China were selected as research subjects using stratified cluster sampling method. The occurrence of low back pain in the past one year, as well as occupational factors such as job type, labor organization and work posture were investigated by using the Chinese version Musculoskeletal Disorders Questionnaire. RESULTS: The prevalence of low back pain in the occupational population of key industries in China was 16.4%(9 448/57 501). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the risk of low back pain in females was higher than that in males(P<0.01). Married, obese, occasional and frequent smokers, and a history of lower back disease were associated with increased risk of low back pain(all P<0.05). The risk of low back pain was associated with older age, higher education level, and lower frequency of physical exercise(all P<0.01). The risk of low back pain was higher with longer working time, greater back curvature, and the high frequency of long standing and sitting position work, uncomfortable working posture, repeated operation per minute, and lifting>5 kg weight(all P<0.01). CONCLUSION: The influencing factors of low back pain in the occupational population of key industries in China include bad working posture, high frequency load, weight load and other individual factors. There is a dose-response relationship with low back posture load and frequency of load.

Detection of tin in human urine by atomic fluorescence spectrophotometry / 中国职业医学

OBJECTIVE: To establish a method for determination of urinary tin by atomic fluorescence spectrophotometry.METHODS: The graphite digestion instrument was used to digest 2. 50 m L urinary sample with 1. 50 m L concentrated nitric acid,hydrochloric acid( volume fraction 4. 00%) was added to a total constant volume of 10. 00 m L. After 2. 50 m L of thiocarbamide-ascorbic acid( mass concentration 100 g / L) was added,hydrochloric acid( volume fraction 4. 00%) was added to a total constant volume of 25. 00 m L( equivalent to urinary sample was diluted 10 times),1. 00 m L of the sample was collected and detected by atomic fluorescence spectrophotometry. RESULTS: The good linear relationship was shown in the range of 4. 00-200. 00 μg / L with a correlation coefficient of 0. 999 5. The limit of detection was 0. 20 μg / L. The recovery rates ranged from 100. 20% to 100. 84%. The within-run relative standard deviation( RSD) and between-run RSD were 0. 11%-2. 01% and 1. 37%-5. 58%,respectively. The samples can be stored for 7 days under the temperature of4 ℃. CONCLUSION: This method has the advantages of high sensitivity,precision and convenient operation,which is suitable for the daily determination of urinary tin in human.

Determination of 1-bromopropane in human urine by headspace gas chromatography-mass spectrometry / 中国职业医学

OBJECTIVE: To establish a detection method for 1-bromopropane in human urine by headspace gas chromatography-mass spectrometry( GC-MS). METHODS: A 4. 00 m L portion of the urine sample was placed in a 15. 00 m L headspace vial and 20. 00 μL of 1-bromobutane internal standard solution( 204. 200 mg / L mass concentration) was added.The bottle cap was immediately sealed. The sample was heated to 80 ℃ with an equilibrium time of 20 minutes in the headspace device. The vapor in the headspace vial was separated by GSBP-FFAP( 30. 00 m × 0. 25 mm × 0. 25 μm)capillary chromatography column and the ion was used to carry out quantitative determination of 1-bromopropane in human urine. RESULTS: The good linearity range of 1-bromopropan mass concentration was 0. 025-1. 012 mg / L, and the correlation coefficient was 0. 999 8. The detection limit was 7. 5 μg / L( urine sample volume,4. 00 m L) and the limit of quantitation was 25. 0 μg / L( urine sample volume,4. 00 m L). The relative standard deviation( RSD) of within-run precision was 2. 61%-4. 08%,and the RSD of between-run precision was 2. 79%-6. 25%. The average recovery rate was99. 34%-105. 94%. CONCLUSION: The method of determining 1-bromopropane in human urine by headspace GC-MS has the features of high sensitivity,good linear relationship,low interference,good precision and easy operation,which is suitable for detecting 1-bromopropane mass concentration in human urine.

Sentinel surveillance on occupational hazards in manufacturing enterprises of Guangzhou City,2012-2014 / 中国职业医学

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the sentinel surveillance status of occupational hazards in Guangzhou manufacturing enterprises. METHODS: The stratified random sampling method was used to extract manufacturing enterprises with serious occupational hazard as sentinel enterprises in Guangzhou,2012-2014. The dynamic changes of samples were analyzed based on the sampling monitoring of occupational hazards. RESULTS: From 2012 to 2014,a total of 8 639 occupational hazard sample sites from 577 sentinel enterprises included in 11 kinds of industries were tested and the total over-standard rate was 7. 41%( 640 /8 639). The over-standard rate in these 3 years showed an increasing tendency each year( P <0. 01). The over-standard rates in different kinds of occupational hazard factors from high to low were physical factors,dust factor,inorganic chemistry factors and organic chemistry factors( P < 0. 01). The over-standard rates of occupational hazard factors in different industries from high to low were ship building,construction material,glass gem,wooden furniture,machinery manufacturing,other industries,storage battery,printing and packaging,the chemical,leather bags and shoes and electronic equipment manufacturing industry( P < 0. 01). The over-standard rates of occupational hazard factors in different scales from high to low were medium-sized,large-sized,small-sized and micro-sized enterprises( P <0. 01). CONCLUSION: Guangzhou City should carry on sentinel surveillance work on occupational hazards on factors of physical,dust and inorganic chemistry in key industries such as ship building,construction materials,glass gem,wood furniture and machinery manufacturing,especially in the large and medium-sized enterprises.

Determination of five anticoagulant rodenticides in whole blood by high-performance liquid chromatography / 中国职业医学

OBJECTIVE: To establish a method for simultaneous detection of 5 anticoagulant rodenticides including brodifacoum, bromadiolone, flocoumafen, warfarin and difenacoum in whole blood by high-performance liquid chromatogarphy. METHODS: The 0. 5 m L of blood sample was extracted by 2. 0 m L ethyl acetate,then separated by Diamonsil C18 column( 250. 0 mm × 4. 6 mm × 5. 0 μm) using acid-ammonium acetate( 20. 0 mmol / L,p H = 5. 5) /methyl alcohol( 2∶ 8,V / V) as a mobile phase and detected by diode-array detector under the ultraviolet spectrum of 310 nm through high-performance liquid chromatogarphy. RESULTS: The good linear range of the 5 anticoagulant rodenticides was0. 50-10. 00 mg / L,and the correlation coefficients were > 0. 999 00. The detection limits of brodifacoum,bromadiolone,flocoumafen,warfarin and difenacoum were 0. 08,0. 06,0. 09,0. 04 and 0. 10 mg / L and the lower limits of quantitation were 0. 79,0. 58,0. 92,0. 45 and 0. 96 mg / L,respectively. The recovery rate was 98. 40%-104. 00%. The within-run relative standard deviation( RSD) was 0. 61%-7. 84%,and the between-run RSD was 1. 10%-9. 62%. The samples can be stored for 14 days in the refrigerator at 4 ℃. CONCLUSION: The method has advantages of simple operation,good separating effect,high sensitivity,precision and accuracy,which is suitable for detection of whole blood samples in rodenticide poisoning patients.

Sero-epidemiological investigation on hepatitis B among permanent residents in Shenzhen area / 中华流行病学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To understand the infection status and epidemiological features of HBV in permanent residents of Shenzhen city.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A multi-stage stratified random sampling method was performed for questionnaire survey to permanently-registered residents of 1-59 years old in Luohu and Baoan district of Shenzhen in 2010, and blood samples of the subjects were collected. Hepatitis B virus-related surface antigen (HBsAg) and hepatitis B virus surface antibody (anti-HBs) were detected with ELISA.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The total 3771 studied population showed 252 HBsAg positive and 2712 anti-HBs positive residents with the standardization prevalence as 9.73% and 72.83% , respectively. The difference of the prevalence of HBsAg and anti-HBs between males and females were not statistically significant (P > 0.05). The prevalence of HBsAg was reduced with increasing age. The differences of the prevalence of HBsAg between Shenzhen permanent registered and non-permanent registered population were not significant, but the prevalence of anti-HBs in Permanent registered residents (78.32%) was higher than in non-permanent (66.03%, χ(2) = 41.613, P < 0.001). The prevalence of HBsAg was significantly different in various occupational and educational levels. Peasants had the highest prevalence (24.13%) and medical workers had the highest prevalence of anti-HBs (89.10% ). People with junior high school education had the highest prevalence of HBsAg (12.76%) and the lowest of anti-HBs (62.45%). Population with high-level education had the highest prevalence of anti-HBs(81.00% average). The prevalence of HBsAg was over 10% in people who were born in Shenzhen and Guangdong province, and the anti-HBs was the highest in Shenzhen population with the prevalence as 74.48% and 76.47% , respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>In the Shenzhen resident population, the overall prevalence of HBV was lower than the average level of Guangdong province, but higher than the national wide.</p>

Analysis of influential factors for job burnout among managers in a joint venture in Guangzhou, China / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the influential factors for job burnout among the managerial staff in a Sino-Japanese joint venture automobile manufacturer in Guangzhou, China.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 288 managers in a Sino-Japanese joint venture automobile manufacturer were surveyed using the Occupational Stress Indicator, Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), Eysenck Personality Questionnaire, Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire, and Social Support Rating Scale.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>On the depersonalization dimension, the male managers had significantly higher scores than the female managers. The scores of emotion exhaustion and depersonalization of MBI showed significant differences among the managers with different levels of occupational stress. The path analysis showed that occupational stress, neuroticism, and psychoticism had negative effects on emotion exhaustion, while job satisfaction and utilization of social support had direct positive effects on emotion exhaustion. Occupational stress, psychoticism, and passive coping style had direct negative effects on depersonalization, while job satisfaction, objective support, and utilization of social support had positive effects on depersonalization. Job satisfaction and active coping style had positive effects on sense of personal accomplishment, while passive coping style had a negative effect on sense of personal accomplishment. Personality exerted its effect on social support through coping style and thus on job satisfaction and job burnout.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Male managers have a greater propensity to depersonalization than their female counterparts. High occupational stress is a risk factor for job burnout. Personality, social support, and coping style are influential factors for job burnout.</p>

Association of vitamin D receptor gene haplotypes and genotype combinations with susceptibility to occupational elevated blood lead / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the association of the haplotypes and genotype combinations of vitamin D receptor (VDR) BsmI (rs1544410), Tru9I (rs757343), ApaI (rs7975232), and TaqI (rs731236) with the susceptibility to elevated blood lead in Chinese Han population.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>According to Diagnostic Criteria of Occupational Chronic Lead Poisoning (GBZ 37-2002) and Occupational Exposure Limits for Hazardous Agents in the Workplace Part 1: Chemical Hazardous Agents (GBZ 2.1-2007), the workers were divided into high-exposure group (lead dust ≥ 0.05 mg/m(3), lead fume ≥ 0.03 mg/m(3)) and low-exposure group based on the concentrations of lead fume and lead dust in the workplace. The high-exposure group was further divided into normal-blood lead subgroup and high-blood lead subgroup. Fasting peripheral venous blood (5 ml) was collected using a heparin tube; genomic DNA was extracted from the peripheral blood cells with a Qiagen kit; single nucleotide polymorphisms were detected by allelic discrimination assay using TaqMan probes (carrying fluorescent dyes); haplotypes were analyzed and compared by Haploview.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>VDR BsmI, Tru9I, ApaI, and TaqI were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium between the normal-blood lead subgroup and high-blood lead subgroup (P > 0.05). Compared with haplotype CCCA which had the highest distribution frequency, haplotypes CCAA and CTCA were the high-risk factors for elevated blood lead (OR = 1.814, 95%CI = 1.055 ∼ 3.119; OR = 1.919, 95%CI = 1.040 ∼ 3.540). Compared with genotype combination CC + CC + CC + AA which had the highest distribution frequency, genotype combination CC + CC + AC + AA was the high-risk factor for elevated blood lead (OR = 2.800, 95%CI = 1.282 ∼ 6.116).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>As for VDR BsmI, Tru9I, ApaI, and TaqI, haplotypes CCAA and CTCA and genotype combination CC + CC + AC + AA are associated with the susceptibility to elevated blood lead.</p>

Investigation of screening methods for identifying population susceptible to noise-induced hearing loss / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the screening methods for identifying the populations susceptible and resistant to noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) and to provide a reference for future research.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Workers who were exposed to 75 ∼ 120 dB noise in enterprises were included in the study. Field investigation of occupational health was conducted; workers' basic information and data on hearing threshold levels were collected. Paired chi-square test was used to compare each two of three screening methods, which were used at home and abroad to identify noise-susceptible and noise-sensitive populations, in terms of noise exposure level, general information, and noise-induced hearing threshold shift.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>There were no significant differences in the noise exposure level, basic information, and left and right ears' hearing threshold levels of noise-susceptible and noise-sensitive populations between each two of the three screening methods (P > 0.05), according to the paired chi-square test. However, high-frequency hearing threshold had statistically significant difference among the three methods. As a whole, methods B and C were superior to method A.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The workers in China are younger than before, with more awareness of self-protection, and individual protection is enhanced in them. Currently, method B is more suitable for screening out the population susceptible to NIHL in China.</p>

The effects of oxidative damage induced by organic oxidant t-BHP on cochlear hair cells / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To establish the oxidative damage model of cochlea hair cells using organic oxidant t-BHP in vitro.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>HEI-OC1 cells were exposed to t-BHP at 8 doses (30~4000 µmol/L) for 12 h. Trypan blue test was used to detected the cellular viability and MTT assay was utilized to measured the cellular proliferation. The intracellular ROS levels were determined by 2,7-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The survival rates of HEI-OC1 cells started decrease significantly at the dose of 100 µmol/L t-BHP, the peak of decreased survival rates appeared at the doses of 200~800 µmol/L. The results of MTT assay demonstrated that 30 µmol/L t-BHP could promote cellular proliferation ability, when t-BHP concentrations were higher than 200 µmol/L, the cellular proliferation ability was inhibited. The results of DCFH-DA assay showed that there was no fluorescence in control group, the strong fluorescence was observed in positive control group, the weak fluorescence was observed in 30~50 µmol/L t-BHP groups, the bright fluorescence was observed in 100 µmol/L t-BHP group, still the stronger fluorescence was observed in 200~1000 µmol/L groups, but the cellular number decreased with the doses because of the lower cellular viability.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The exposure to 100 µmol/L t-BHP for 12 h could simulate the oxidative damage induced by noise in cochlear hair cells.</p>

Influential factors on psychosocial health of the migrant workers in Guangzhou / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the influential factors on psychosocial health of the migrant workers in Guangzhou.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The Symptom Checklist 90 (SCL-90) and Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ) were used to investigate 518 migrant workers in Guangzhou.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The rate of migrant workers with psychosocial problems was 36.5%. The scores of SCL-90 and positive rates in migrant workers with the different personality types had significant difference (P < 0.01). The results of binary logistic regression analysis indicated that the working years, drinking, sex, P scores, E scores and N scores of EPQ were main predictors of the poor physical fitness status. The vocations, working years, P scores and N scores of EPQ were strong predictors of the somatization. he vocations, P scores and N scores of EPQ were strong predictors of the obsessive compulsive symptom. The smoking, P scores and N scores of EPQ were strong predictors of the interpersonal sensitivity. The working years, P scores of EPQ were strong predictors of the depression. P scores of EPQ was strong predictors of the anxiety. P scores, E scores and N scores of EPQ were strong predictors of the hostility. The working years, smoking, P scores, E scores and N scores of EPQ were strong predictors of the phobic anxiety. The working years, P scores of EPQ were strong predictors of the paranoid ideation. The working years, P scores and N scores of EPQ were strong predictors of the psychosis.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The level of mental health of the migrant workers was significantly associated with the personality. The results of present study indicated that different vocation, sex, working years, smoking and drinking might interfere with the psychological states. The migrant workers with the personality of psychoticism, neuroticism and introversion may have unhealthy mental reaction.</p>

Analyzing the occupational hazard of 258 construction projects of Shunde in 2010 and 2011 / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To understand the changing trend of occupational hazard of industries in Shunde area and to provide the scientific evidence for the prevention of occupational diseases.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The pre-evaluation of occupational hazard was carried out for the construction projects. The data about employee number scale, industry species, occupational hazard factors, hazard levels and prevention measures for construction projects were collected and analyzed. The data of Shunde Occupational Health Survey in 2011 served as the control data.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>There were 258 construction projects in 2010 and 2011, in which the proportions of medium and large scales increased to 8.1% and 2.4% respectively, the proportions of the furniture and chemical industries decreased from 25.6% or/and 5.1% to 2.7% or/and 1.8%, the proportions of the high-tech industries increased from 1.8% to 9.2%. The proportions of the projects with serious, medium and slight occupational hazard levels were 4.3%, 67.8% and 27.9%, respectively. The proportions of the projects with harmful chemicals, dusts and physical factors were 34.2%, 46.8%, 42.6%, respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The feature of occupational hazard in Shunde industries has changed at upgrading stage. We should pay attention to the prevention of occupational diseases in high-tech industries.</p>

Effects of noise exposure level on the relationship between SNPs of SOD1 and the susceptibility to noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the effects of noise exposure level and cumulative noise exposure (CNE) on the relationship between rs2070424 and rs10432782 SNPs in SOD1 and the susceptibility to noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A case-control study was performed for investigating the effects of environmental risk factors on the susceptibility to NIHL in 201 sensitive workers and 202 resistant workers.A questionnaire was utilized to investigate the occupational health and to identify the occupational risk factors. The noise exposure levels were detected according to the Chinese standard Measurement of noise in the workplace (GBZ/T 189.8-2007). The peripheral blood samples (5 ml blood for each sample) were from sensitive workers and resistant workers. Genomic DNA was extracted on the basis of the standard procedures of Takara kit. SNPs were detected using standard procedures of TaqMan probe allele identification method.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In group exposed to 85 - 92 dB noise (A), the risk of NIHL in the subjects with the AA genotype of rs2070424 was lower than that in the subjects with the GG genotype, OR = 0.37 (95%CI: 0.17∼ 0.80). In group exposed to > 82 dB CNE (A), the AA genotype of rs2070424 is a protective factor of NIHL, as compared with the GG genotype, OR = 0.25 (95%CI: 0.09 ∼ 0.70). In group exposed to 85 - 92 dB noise (A), the risk of NIHL in the subjects with the GG genotype of rs10432782 was compared with the risk of NIHL in the subjects with the TT genotype, OR = 3.17 (95%CI: 1.16 ∼ 6.89). The GT genotype was compared with TT genotype, OR = 2.39 (95%CI: 1.16 ∼ 4.97). In group exposed to 75 ∼ 82 dB CNE (A), the risk of NIHL in the subjects with the GG genotype was compared with the risk of NIHL in the subjects with the TT genotype, OR = 2.35 (95%CI: 0.96 ∼ 5.72), P = 0.06. The GG genotype may bea risk factor of NIHJ.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The noise exposure level and CNE may influence the relationship between rs2070424, rs10432782 SNPs in SOD1 and noise-induced hearing loss.</p>

Regulatory effect of miR-181a on expression of c-fos in cochlear hair cells / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the regulatory effect of miR-181a with abnormal expression on the expression of c-fos in cochlear hair cells undergoing oxidative damage.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>House Ear Institute-Organ of Corti1 (HEI-CO1) cells were assigned to 50, 100, and 200 µmol/L tert-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BHP) exposure groups and control group. The HEI-CO1 cells in the exposure groups were exposed to 50, 100, or 200 µmol/L t-BHP for 12 h. Then, total RNA and total protein were extracted from the HEI-CO1 cells, and the expression of miR-181a/-181d was measured by qPCR. The miR-181a with abnormal expression was selected as the subject of study. The putative miR-181a target sequence in the 3' untranslated region (3'-UTR) of c-fos was predicted by searching on a bioinformatics website. The HEI-CO1 cells were transfected with miR-181a mimics by lipofection, and the transfection efficiency was measured by qPCR. The mRNA and protein expression of c-fos was measured by qPCR and Western blot. The pGL3-c-fos-3'UTR-WT plasmid was constructed, and the luciferase activity of the plasmid in the case of high miR-181a expression was measured using the Dual-Luciferase Reporter Assay System.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with those in the control group, the expression of miR-181a in 100 and 200 µmol/L t-BHP exposure groups was significantly decreased, with expression ratios of 0.744 and 0.766 (P < 0.01), while the expression of miR-181d in 50 µmol/L t-BHP exposure group was significantly increased, with an expression ratio of 1.29 (P < 0.01). There was no significant difference in miR-181a expression between the 100 and 200 µmol/L t-BHP exposure groups (P > 0.05). The predication results revealed that c-fos was regulated by miR-181a in humans and mice, with complete complementarity to the seed region of miR-181a, and there was high degree of target sequence conservation across species. The expression of miR-181a in the HEI-OC1 cells transfected with miR-181a mimics was elevated 892.979 times at 24 hours after transfection. As compared with those of controls, the mRNA and protein expression levels of c-fos in the transfected HEI-OC1 cells were significantly increased (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01). The luciferase activity of pGL3-c-fos-3'UTR-WT plasmid was not suppressed but increased in the case of high miR-181a expression.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>miR-181a has no direct inhibitory effect on the mRNA and protein expression of c-fos, which may not be the target gene of miR-181a. Bioinformatic prediction might produce false-positive results.</p>